Salahudin
Al Ayubi, or often referred to as "Saladin" in the western world, is a
Muslim warlord who fought with admirable skill keshalihannya to both
friends and opponents. Courage and heroism recorded history in the arena of the crusade.
July
1192 in a Muslim army attacked crusade crusader tents outside the city
walls of Jaffa, including no tents King of England, Richard I. King Richard was to meet the Muslim army attack on foot with his soldiers. Comparison of the Muslims and Christians is 4:1. Salahudin Al Ayubi who saw him in this condition said to his brother: "How could a king walking with soldiers? Go grab this arab horse and give him, a man as good as he was not supposed to be in this place on foot ". Fragments of the above noted as one of the characters from Salahudin generous, even to enemies though. Walalupun being above the wind remained fair and respects his opponents.
Living History Salahudin
Salahudin Takreet born in a castle on the banks of the river Tigris (Iraq regions) in 1137 CE or 532 Hijri. Real name is Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayub. His father Najm ad-Din still descendants of Kurds and became manager of the castle. After the birth family Salahudin Najm-ad-Din went to Mosul, due to a conflict in the castle. In
Mosul, Najm family meet and assist Zangi, an Arab ruler who tried to
unite the Muslim areas split into several kingdoms such as Syria,
Antioch, Aleppo, Tripoli, Horns, Yarussalem, Damascus.
Zangi had mastered next Zangi Syria ready to face the Crusaders invasion of Europe has begun to enter Palestine. Zangi with his brother; Nuruddin mentor Salahudin start small grow in a family environment knight. From small already seen strong character Salahudin humble, Santu and compassionate. Nuruddin Zangi died replaced. Salahudin uncle, Shirkuh was later appointed to conquer Egypt when it was controlled by the Fatimid dynasty. After the fifth attack, the year 1189 can be controlled by Egypt. Shirkuh died. Furthermore Salahudin appointed by Nuruddin a substitute Shirkuh.
Salahudin
young and deemed "green" was able to mobilize and reorganize the army
and the economy in Egypt, especially for a possible invasion of the army
of the Cross. Many times the Crusaders attack in Egypt could Salahudin break. However, success in leading Egyptian Salahudin result Nuruddin worried unrivaled. As a result, their relationship deteriorated. Nur ad-Din in 1175 to send troops to conquer Egypt. But Din died when the fleet is on the way. Finally, the attack is canceled. Handed over power to his son was still very young. Salahudin went to Damascus to express condolences. His arrival was widely welcomed and applauded. Salahudin mannered intend to hand over power to the new king and is still young. In the same year the young king is sick and died. He has been replaced by an appointed Salahudin Caliphate leaders of Syria and Egypt.
Salahudin and Crusades
When Salahudin ruling crusade underway in the second phase with the mastering of Jerusalem by the Crusaders. But the Crusaders are not able to conquer Damascus and Cairo. As it happens Salahudin truce between the King of Jerusalem from the Crusaders, Guy de Lusignan.
Crusade
which is touted as the third phase of the attack was triggered by the
Crusaders against the Muslim pilgrims from Damascus entourage. The attack was led by Reginald de Chattilon authorities in Kerak castle which is part of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The whole caravan was slaughtered including Salahudin sister. This incident destroyed the ceasefire agreement between Damascus and Jerusalem. March 1187 after the holy month of Ramadan, calling for Jihad Salahudin Qittal. Muslims moving troops conquer fortresses Crusaders. Salahudin glories peak occurs at Hattin War.
Hattin War occurred in July were dry. Muslim troops to the number of 25,000 people surrounded the area Hattin crusader-like horns. Muslim army consisted of 12,000 horsemen (cavalry) the rest were foot soldiers (infantry). Cavalry troops Muslim Yemen agile horse with light cotton clothing (kazaghand) to minimize heat in the desert. They are well organized, communicate with Arabic. Troops are divided into several small squadrons using hit and run tactics.
Crusaders consists of three parts. The
front of the troops are troops Hospitallers, the center is the royal
battalion led Guy de Lusignan who was also carrying a large cross as a
symbol of the kingdom. The back is the order of the Knights Templar army led by Balian of Ibelin. Language they use mix between English, French and several other European languages. Like most European armies they use armor of heavy steel, which actually is not suitable for use in desert warfare.
Salahudin exploit these gaps. Evening Muslim troops burned the dry grass around the Crusaders were already very hot and thirsty. Tomorrow morning Salahudin allot additional arrows in his cavalry to cut down the enemy saddler. Without horses and crummy hot, crusader is much reduced strength. When the battle took place with the hot temperature conditions almost all of the Crusaders were killed. Guy
de Lusignan King of Jerusalem successfully captured while Reginald de
Chattilon ever caliph of the Muslims slaughtered immediately beheaded. To King Guy, Salahudin treated well and released with a ransom a few years later.
Towards Jerusalem
Of Hattin, Salahudin moving towards the cities of Acre, Beirut and Sidon to be released. Furthermore Salahudin move towards Jerusalem. In the liberation of the cities or fortress Salahudin always put diplomacy and submission rather than direct military raids. Salahudin troops surrounded the city of Jerusalem, the Crusaders in Jerusalem led by Balian of Obelin. Four days later Salahudin receive offers surrender of Balian. Jerusalem delivered unto the hands of the Muslims. Salahuddin ensure the freedom and security of the Christians and Jews. These fragments in immortalized in the movie "Kingdom Of Heaven" directed by Ridley Scott. On 27 Rajab 583 AH or coincide with Isra Mi'raj Prophet, Salahudin entered the city of Jerusalem.
There is a conversation in the film Kingdom Of Heaven interest to the author, more or less like this:
Balian: "I leave you the key to the city of Jerusalem, but you should be able to guarantee the safety of us, the non-Muslim"
Salahudin: "I will guarantee your safety"
Balian:
"What we can guarantee that you will keep your promise?" (Balian still
remember the times when Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, many Muslim
civilians were massacred to the city of Jerusalem crowded with corpses,
and Balian do worry Salahudin the same)
Salahudin: "(paused staring Balian ..) I will fulfill the promise, God willing .. I was Salahudin I'm not like you people."
..................................................................In Jerusalem, Salahudin again showing a fair policy and attitude as a leader of the righteous. Al-Aqsa
Mosque and the Mosque of Omar bin Khattab cleaned but for the Church of
the Holy Sepulchre remained open and granted Christians freedom to
worship therein. Salahudin said: "good Muslims should glorify the place of worship of other religions." In
sharp contrast to that done by the Crusaders in the early conquest of
the city of Jerusalem (the beginning of the crusade), history records
the blood flooded the city of Jerusalem and the bodies of the Muslims
were massacred. Salahudin a forgiving attitude and generous kindness with firmness is an example to all the worlds are ordered Islam.
Salahudin Al-Ayubi not stay in magnificent palaces. He actually lived in a small mosque called Al-Khanagah in Dolorossa. The
room can only accommodate its width is less than 6 orang.Walaupun as a
great king and the winner of the war, Salahudin upholds the luxury and
simplicity and avoid corruption.
Salahudin successfully defend Jerusalem from the enemy attack Richard the Lion Heart, King of England. Richard attacked and laid siege to Jerusalem in December 1191 and July 1192. But the attack-attack can be thwarted by Salahudin. The enemy was in full effect Salahudin generous. When Richard was sick and injured, Salahudin stop fighting and send gifts as well as the treatment team to Richard. Richard went back to the UK without successfully defeated Salahudin.
Throughout
the history of Jerusalem as a city holy to three religions, since
overrun Salahudin, Jerusalem has never fallen into the hands of others. Only after World War I, Jerusalem fell to the British who then delivered into the hands of Israel.
During his life Salahudin more stay in the barracks with the soldiers than live in a palace. Salahudin died March 4, 1193 in Damascus. The undertaker was shocked because it was Salahudin no possessions. It only has a piece of shroud always brought her in any way and money worth 66 dirhams nasirian (Syrian currency at that time).
Until now Salahudin Al-Ayubi still remembered as a great hero full of generosity.
Reference :
http://wagenugraha.wordpress.com/2008/10/12/salahudin-al-ayub/
Thankhttp://translate.google.co.id/?hl=en&tab=wT#id/en/s for :
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